Abstract: In order to effectively improve ultraviolet aging durability of traditional wax coating hardwood surface, traditional beewax was modified by hydrophobic nano SiO₂ using blending method. According to the traditional wax polish process, the surface of Bruma rosewood(100 mm×100 mm×10 mm)was treated with the modified bee wax. The ultraviolet resistance was investigated through analyzing colorimetric parameters, surface gloss, contact angle and texture prosperities change. The results showed that the application of hydrophobic nano SiO₂ could effectively enhanced the ultraviolet durability of wood surface color. When the addition amount of hydrophobic nano SiO₂ was 2%, the color difference of modified wood surface was minimum and the hydrophobic property of wood surface was also enhanced. The wood texture prosperities change was reduced by ultraviolet radiation 96 h. The addition of nano SiO₂ reduced the wood surface gloss, and the surface gloss of wood surface treated by modified beewax with the addition hydrophobic nano SiO₂ amount of 1% was close to the untreated wood. In addition, the optimal addition amount of hydrophobic nano SiO₂ was 2% through the analysis of improvement of the ultraviolet durability.