Abstract: The growth traits, photosynthetic characteristics and the response of photosynthesis rate to CO₂ concentration were measured for revealing the differences in growth and photosynthetic in one year old seedlings of Bombax ceiba from seven different provenances, including Changjiang of Hainan, Guangzhou and Jieyang of Guangdong, Xiamen of Fujian, Panzhihua of Sichuan, Honghezhou and Jinghong of Yunnan. The results indicated that net photosynthetic rate(P_n)of B. ceiba rose as CO₂ concentration increased in a specific range, the photosynthetic-CO₂ response parameters were different to some extent among different provenances, but the difference was not significant. The CO₂ compensation point(CCP)and the CO₂ saturation point(CSP)was 61.41-77.68 and 667.98-860.58 μmol/mol, respectively. There were significant difference(P<0.05)in height and the gas exchange parameters, which showed a relatively high difference of growth and photosynthetic characteristics among provenances, correlation analysis showed that plant height was significantly and positively related to P_n among provenances, indicating P_n could be used as a reference index for choosing provenance.