Abstract: To overcome the disadvantages of dispersion difficulty, thermal degradation and poor compatibility with matrix of cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)in the non-hydrophilic resin application, freeze-dried CNCs were first coated with polymer in organic solution, and then melt blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)and PE-g-MAH to prepare the composites. SEM images demonstrated that CNCs can disperse homogeneously in the ABS matrix in the form of nanosheet. Tensile tests revealed that grafted polyethylene was critical to increase the compatibility of CNC with the matrix, and the tensile strength and modulus increased by 15.6% and 52%, respectively, with a CNC content of 0.7%. TGA test indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature of CNC increased from 211 ℃ to 263 ℃, which improved the temperature adaptability of CNC in the process of polymer processing.