Abstract: To reveal the variability of soil organic matter content with soil depth under different land use type and its influencing factors in the loess region of western Shanxi Province, four typical land use types including waste grassland(WL), agricultural land(AL), Robinia pseudoacacia forestland(RF)and Pinus tabuliformis forestland(PF)were chosen to ascertain the variability of organic matter content. It was shown that the order of soil organic matter content was PF>RF>WL>AL. Slope position exerted a complicated influence on soil organic matter content, and the regularity of conformity was hard to find. With the increase of soil depth, soil organic matter content was significantly different under different land use patterns, while the content of organic matter in all typical land decreased, and the variability also decreased. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the soil depth was the dominated factor. Under PF, RF and WL, significantly positive relationship was available between soil moisture and organic matter content in the layer of 32-160 cm. The results are beneficial to the soil and water conservation and eco-environment construction in the loess region of western Shanxi Province.