Abstract: 【Objective】Chongming Dongtan wetland servers as an important habitat for both migratory and resident birds. However, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora had changed the community structure and function of the wetland. In 2011, an demonstration test area was constructed to eradicate S. alterniflora and protect bird habitat. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of removing S. alterniflora on the biodiversity in the Chongming Dongtan wetland, Shanghai City. 【Method】The plant growth(Phragmites australis), plant community composition, and the species and quantity change of avian community(with another one-year survey after construction), and macrobenthos community were monitored in 8 treatment plots and 7 control plots, respectively.【Result】The removal of S. alterniflora did not affect the density and height of Ph. australis. The species enrichment and number of birds(including waterfowl)were higher in the treatment plots than in the control plots.【Conclusion】After engineering construction, the landscape and biodiversity of the demonstration test area changed greatly. Compared with the S. alterniflora community, the ecological service function of biodiversity conservation has been obviously restored, attracting different groups of birds resting here. Further monitoring is needed to check the recovery potential of the macro benthos community.