Planning and optimization of small-scale mountain landscape sightseeing routes

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811022

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 163-170.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811022

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Planning and optimization of small-scale mountain landscape sightseeing routes

MA Kun¹(), TANG Xiaolan¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Yiwen¹, REN Yujie¹, CHEN Yongzhe³

1. College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China
2. NFU Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Development Studies, Nanjing Foresty University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2018-11-16 Revised:2019-04-16 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-02
Contact: TANG Xiaolan E-mail:505442471@qq.com;xiaolant@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Explore new methods and ideas of mountain landscape sightseeing route planning, and optimize the best sightseeing route with examples. 【Method】 Through combining GIS spatial simulation tools, large data, and a quantitative evaluation index system, and by taking Qixia Mountain in Nanjing as an example, this study establishes long-range, mid-range, and near-range natural and human landscape ornamental routes. 【Result】 Through GIS spatial simulation of the natural geographical environment and large data analysis of human attractions, the 36 best scenic areas were obtained. The analysis of these 36 scenic areas using a multi-dimensional visual evaluation system, a scenic, dynamic line-map was obtained. Finally, by combining this map with current tourist routes, Rhino model overlapping analysis indicated three types of mountain landscape tour routes, which could intuitively reflect the natural and human nature of each tourist route.【Conclusion】 The combination of GIS spatial simulation, large data screening, a visual evaluation system, and the Rhino model overlay analysis enables the construction of mountain landscape tour routes that provide a means of accurately guiding tourists, which is conducive to the development and protection of mountain landscape tourism.

Key words: mountain landscape, scenic spots, sightseeing route, Qixia Mountain in Nanjing

CLC Number:

TU985

MA Kun, TANG Xiaolan, WANG Yiwen, REN Yujie, CHEN Yongzhe. Planning and optimization of small-scale mountain landscape sightseeing routes[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(1): 163-170.

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自然因素 factor	特征描述 characteristic description
高程 elevation	自然制高点即山顶的空间中心性和标志性较强,其视通性最高,视域空间呈发散状
高程 elevation	山脊线是山顶的带状延伸,视野较广,视域空间具有导向性和分割性
坡度slope	根据国际地理学会划分的坡度等级,坡度等级为0°~15°的平坡地、缓坡地和中坡地为最佳坡度^[31]
坡向aspect	以正北方向为0°,按顺时针方向取值0°~360°,为观江、观洲及避开光线直射,得出最佳坡向为315°~360°和30°~45°
地表径流runoff	为避免山体发生雨洪、滑坡、泥石流等灾害,保护栖霞山的生态安全,需避开地表径流保护区域^[32]
样地面积sample size	单个观景点的合理建设人工设施面积约200 m²^[22]

项目 item	内容 content	指标编号 index No.	评价指标 evaluation index	特征评价characteristic evaluation
观景者可视性	视域范围	①	可视面积	视域范围越大,视野范围内遮挡物越少,空间视觉愉悦性越高
观景对象形态质量	空间形体	②	水域空阔度	可视面积越大,视觉景观质量越好
	空间形体	③	山水连接度	山体底界面距离水体越近、连续性越强,山水景观的自然美感越强
	顶轮廓线	④	景观要素等级差	景观元素主次分明、富有韵律节奏,等级差十分明显;而没有主次序列、杂乱无章的天际轮廓线,等级差十分接近,缺少核心景观和视觉焦点^[34]
	侧轮廓线	⑤	线型显著性	分割线越明显,景观多样性越强,组景的特征越显著,景观空间立体感越强,反之,景观组越单一,组景特征越模糊,景观空间立体感越弱
视觉感受	视觉层次	⑥	层次丰富度	即与视线相垂直景观面的数量,数量越多、纵深空间维度越大,层次性越丰富,视觉感受越好
	视觉斑块	⑦	自然与人文面积比	由植物、水体等自然景观和建筑、道路等人文景观组成,其视觉上自然景观占比越多,视觉感受越好
	视觉斑块	⑧	自然斑块破碎度	自然景观斑块破碎度越小,视觉感受就越协调
	视觉色彩	⑨	色彩丰富度	色彩基调宜简不宜繁,整体应协调,局部人文环境可使用对比色彩,既有统一性,又有观景敏感点
	视觉色彩	⑩	季相树种比例	季节性是影响植物自身彩色变化的重要因素,其比例不宜多、布局不宜分散,既有季节特色,又不显得杂乱无章

指标编号 index No.	观景点 scenic spots
指标编号 index No.	K1	K2	K3	K4	K5	K6	K7	K8	K9	K10	K11	K12	K13	K14	K15	K16	K17	K18	K19	K20	K21	K22	K23	K24	K25	K26	K27	K28	K29	K30	D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6
①	8	7	4	5	7	7	5	7	9	6	6	5	3	2	2	2	1	6	5	6	6	7	6	4	3	3	8	9	8	7	3	5	3	3	3	9
②	8	7	3	7	7	3	2	5	9	1	1	1	5	3	1	1	3	1	2	3	1	2	1	2	5	5	8	9	8	8	8	2	3	8	8	9
③	9	9	4	1	5	5	2	8	8	1	1	1	5	1	1	1	2	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	5	5	9	8	5	4	8	1	3	8	8	9
④	5	6	4	2	5	5	6	8	7	3	7	7	4	3	5	4	3	3	3	5	5	3	2	3	8	7	9	8	5	8	5	5	7	3	8	7
⑤	6	6	3	2	4	7	6	8	5	4	8	8	6	3	5	3	2	5	2	6	6	2	3	2	8	7	9	8	5	8	5	5	7	3	7	7
⑥	3	6	4	2	4	5	5	9	4	5	8	8	1	3	3	5	2	3	2	8	6	2	3	3	8	8	8	8	5	4	5	4	8	3	8	7
⑦	3	8	3	2	4	3	6	9	3	6	9	7	6	5	2	2	2	3	3	6	5	3	6	7	8	8	8	7	4	4	8	4	9	9	8	6
⑧	3	8	3	2	3	2	5	9	3	6	9	8	5	6	2	1	1	3	2	6	3	3	6	8	8	8	8	6	4	3	8	4	9	9	8	6
⑨	3	3	3	2	3	2	3	8	8	7	7	6	3	3	3	2	2	3	2	8	6	2	6	7	8	9	9	8	7	2	8	3	9	9	9	8
⑩	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	8	8	8	7	6	3	3	3	1	1	3	1	7	7	1	7	7	9	9	9	9	6	1	8	3	9	9	9	8
得分score		9.8	12.2	6.4	5.2	8.6	8.2	8.4	15.8	12.8	9.4	12.6	11.4	8.2	6.4	5.4	4.4	3.8	6.2	4.6	11.4	9.2	5.2	8.2	8.8	14	13.8	17	16	11.4	9.8	13.2	7.2	13.4	12.8	15.2

Planning and optimization of small-scale mountain landscape sightseeing routes

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