Effects of biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures on soil microbial community in a poplar plantation in coastal eastern China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201911014

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 143-150.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201911014

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Effects of biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures on soil microbial community in a poplar plantation in coastal eastern China

LU Weiwei(), GENG Huili, ZHANG Yirui, RUAN Honghua

Co -Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2019-11-11 Revised:2020-04-08 Online:2020-07-22 Published:2021-07-09

Abstract

Abstract: Objective

To provide a basis for an in depth study of the impacts of biochar on soil carbon cycling, we examined the effects of biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures on the soil microbial activity and community structure in a poplar plantation as well as on the relationship with soil pH.

Method

Poplar plantation soil was sampled from Dongtai Forest Farm, Jiangsu Province, and incubated in a laboratory for 60 days under three treatments, soil without biochar amendment (CK) and soils amended with biochars pyrolyzed at 300 ℃ and 500 ℃ (B300 and B500), using rice as the raw material. Incubated soils were destructively sampled on days 0, 1, 7, 30 and 60, respectively. The soil microbial community structure was analyzed using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), whereas β?D-glucosidase, cellobiosidase, poly phenol oxidase, and laccase activities were analyzed by colorimetric methods, and soil pH was analyzed using a pH electrode.

Result

The effects of biochars on soil microbial community structure were different during the incubation. On day 7, the relative abundance of bacteria increased by 5.87% and 11.8% （P = 0.016, F = 8.85, df = 8）, the ratio of gram-negative (G^-) bacteria to gram-positive (G⁺) bacteria decreased by 7.47% and 21.4% (P = 0.093, F = 4.55, df = 8), and the relative abundance of actinomycetes decreased by 15.2% and 17.5% (P = 0.005, F = 14.00, df = 8) following the B300 and B500 treatments, respectively, than following the CK treatment. In contrast, the opposite effects were observed on soil microbial community structure on day 30, and the effects were greater following the B500 treatment than following the B300 treatment. However, neither of the biochars affected soil microbial community structure on day 60. On average, compared with those following the CK treatment, β?D?glucosidase and cellobiosidase activities increased by 21.2% (P = 0.031, F = 6.53, df = 8) and 34.7% (P = 0.011, F = 10.31, df = 8), respectively, following the B500 treatment, whereas phenol oxidase activity increased by 33.8% and 40.1% (P = 0.021, F = 7.80, df = 8) following B300 and B500 treatments, respectively. The correlation analysis indicated that soil pH was not the key factor influencing soil microbial community structure; in addition, enzyme activity and the change in soil enzyme activity did not primarily result from the change in microbial community structure.

Conclusion

Biochars pyrolyzed at 300 ℃ and 500 ℃ resulted in the shifted soil microbial community structure and influenced enzyme activities in the same direction, although the biochar pyrolyzed at 500 ℃ showed greater effects than that pyrolyzed at 300 ℃, which was probably due to the higher content of recalcitrant carbon contained in the biochar pyrolyzed at 500 ℃.

Key words: poplar plantation, biochar, pyrolysis temperature, PLFAs, soil microbe, enzyme activity

CLC Number:

S714

LU Weiwei, GENG Huili, ZHANG Yirui, RUAN Honghua. Effects of biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures on soil microbial community in a poplar plantation in coastal eastern China[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(4): 143-150.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

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指标 index	pH	β?D?葡萄糖苷酶 β?D?glucosidase	纤维二糖糖苷酶 cellobiosidase	多酚氧化酶 phenol oxidase	漆酶 laccase	革兰氏阴性菌 G^- bacteria	革兰氏阳性菌 G⁺ bacteria	细菌 bacteria	真菌 fungi	放线菌 actinomycetes
pH	1
β-D-葡萄糖苷酶	?0.204	1
纤维二糖糖苷酶	0.338	?0.076	1
多酚氧化酶	?0.337	?0.258	0.216	1
漆酶	?0.036	0.038	0.044	?0.598^*	1
革兰氏阴性菌	0.095	?0.262	0.091	0.285	?0.291	1
革兰氏阳性菌	?0.548^*	?0.170	?0.149	0.252	0.110	0.022	1
细菌	?0.169	?0.318	?0.016	?0.056	0.467	? 0.499	0.544^*	1
真菌	0.257	0.045	0.124	0.088	?0.372	0.848^**	? 0.361	?0.803^**	1
放线菌	?0.074	0.463	0.043	?0.016	?0.173	0.321	? 0.289	?0.827^**	0.518^*	1

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Effects of biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures on soil microbial community in a poplar plantation in coastal eastern China

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