Short-term effects of thinning on carbon storage in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202106021

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 65-73.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202106021

Short-term effects of thinning on carbon storage in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems

WANG Youliang¹(), LIN Kaimin¹^,^*(), SONG Chongsheng¹, CUI Chaowei¹, PENG Lihong¹, ZHENG Hong², ZHENG Mingming³, REN Zhengbiao¹, QIU Mingjing⁴

1. Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350002,China
2. Yangkou State-owned Forest Farm of Fujian Province, Nanping 353211, China
3. Qiannan Buyi Autonomous Prefecture Forestry Bureau of Guizhou Province, Qiannan Prefecture 558000, China
4. Shaxian County Guanzhuang State-owned Forest Farm of Fujian Province, Sanming 350803, China

Received:2021-06-18 Accepted:2021-10-13 Online:2022-05-30 Published:2022-06-10
Contact: LIN Kaimin E-mail:wangyouliang423@126.com;lkmyx@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Thinning is an important management measure in plantation forest management, which can change the growth environment and affect the growth, productivity and carbon storage of the forest stands. As an important tree species for afforestation in southern China, Chinese fir occupies an indispensable position in forestry production. Therefore, studying the short-term impact of different thinning intensities on carbon storage in Chinese fir plantations helps to optimize forest management measures, and accurately evaluate the short-term effects of thinning on the biomass and carbon storage, which is important in the development of carbon sink forestry, and can provide a basis for improving carbon sink capacity.【Method】 The 11-year-old Chinese fir plantations in Guanzhuang State Forest Farm in Sanming City, Fujian Province, with consistent slopes, slope positions and soil conditions were selected for research. The experiment was designed according to a random block design with three levels of thinning intensity with light thinning (31%, LIT, 2 250 plants/hm² in post-cutting stand), moderately intensive thinning (45%, MIT, 1 800 plants/hm² in post-cutting stand),and highly intensive thinning (63%, HIT, 1 200 plants/hm² in post-cutting stand). A total of nine 20 m×20 m sample plots were set up, and soils from different soil layers in a 1 m section were collected. In the sample plot, the biomass of the tree layer was estimated using the biomass regression equation, and the biomass of the understory vegetation and litter were measured. The carbon content of the vegetation and soil was measured using an element analyzer, and the carbon storage was estimated based on the carbon content. The carbon storage and distribution pattern of each component in the ecosystem were examined after three thinning treatments. The carbon storage of each component of the ecosystem during the growth of the Chinese fir after three thinning treatments was analyzed to evaluate the effects of thinning on the carbon storage of the Chinese fir plantation.【Result】 Three years after thinning, the carbon storage of the tree layer and the soil layer decreased with the increase in thinning intensity. The carbon storage of the tree layer for the LIT, MIT, and HIT plots was 66.16, 58.77, and 49.71 t/hm², respectively. The carbon storage of the shrub layer and herb layer significantly increased with the increase in thinning intensity, accounting for 0.03%-0.19% and 0.01%-0.67% of the carbon storage of the ecosystem, respectively. There was no significant effect on the carbon storage of the litter layer, and the litter layer carbon storage accounted for 2.87%-4.32% of the ecosystem carbon storage. The soil carbon storage decreased with the increase in thinning intensity, and the soil organic carbon storage was significantly different between different thinning treatments (P < 0.05). The soil carbon storage from the HIT treatment reduced 32.07% and 1.03% compared with LIT and MIT treatments. Three years after thinning, the carbon storage significantly decreased with the increase in thinning intensity (P < 0.05). The total carbon storage of the LIT, MIT and HIT plots was 173.85, 161.12 and 121.73 t/hm², with the sum of the carbon storage of the tree layer and soil layer accounting for more than 90.00%. It indicates that the tree layer and soil layer are huge carbon pools, and thinning will reduce the total carbon storage in short-term in the ecosystem.【Conclusion】The carbon storage of the arbor, litter layer and soil layer in the Chinese fir plantation short-term decreased with the increase in thinning intensity after thinning, while the carbon storage of the shrub and herb layer increased with the increase in thinning intensity, indicating that the intensity of thinning increased after three years, and that the experimental forest land is still in the recovery period. The research revealed that thinning of Chinese fir plantations will reduce the total carbon storage of the ecosystem in short-term, provide a scientific basis for the carbon sink and sustainable management of plantations in the study area.

Key words: thinning, Chinese fir plantations, ecosystem, carbon storage, carbon allocation

CLC Number:

WANG Youliang, LIN Kaimin, SONG Chongsheng, CUI Chaowei, PENG Lihong, ZHENG Hong, ZHENG Mingming, REN Zhengbiao, QIU Mingjing. Short-term effects of thinning on carbon storage in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(3): 65-73.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

时间time	间伐处理 thinning treatment	碳储量分配 carbon storage of different organ						总计 total
时间time	间伐处理 thinning treatment	叶 leaf	枝 branch	干皮 bark	去皮干 stem without bark	根蔸 root head	根 root	总计 total
2017年间伐前 before thinning in 2017 (2017年10月)	LIT	2.88±0.14 a (5.63%)	2.24±0.09 a (4.38%)	7.28±0.25 a (14.24%)	29.18±0.97 a (57.09%)	6.63±0.27 a (12.97%)	2.91±0.64 a (5.69%)	51.11±2.27 a
	MIT	3.34±0.48 a (5.54%)	2.62±0.35 a (4.35%)	8.55±1.05 a (14.18%)	34.34±4.19 a (56.91%)	7.75±1.05 a (12.48%)	3.73±0.52 a (6.19%)	60.34±7.64 a
	HIT	2.98±0.39 a (5.53%)	2.40±0.31 a (4.45%)	7.72±0.83 a (14.34%)	31.04±3.29 a (57.65%)	6.94±0.83 a (12.88%)	2.77±0.98 a (5.14%)	53.84±5.84 a
2017年间伐后 after thinning in 2017 (2017年11月)	LIT	2.53±0.22 a (5.72%)	1.94±0.15 a (4.40%)	6.22±0.45 a (14.09%)	24.89±1.75 a (56.41%)	5.75±0.46 a (13.04%)	2.80±0.23 a (6.34%)	44.12±3.26 a
	MIT	2.16±0.34 b (5.86%)	1.66±0.26 b (4.49%)	5.28±0.81 b (14.30%)	21.13±3.25 b (57.20%)	4.32±1.17 b (11.68%)	2.39±0.37 b (6.47%)	36.93±5.82 b
	HIT	1.53±0.29 c (5.88%)	1.05±0.23 c (4.03%)	3.67±0.62 c (14.09%)	14.66±2.46 c (56.31%)	3.44±0.62 c (13.22%)	1.68±0.31 c (6.46%)	26.04±4.47 c
2018年11月	LIT	3.03±0.24 a (5.93%)	2.28±0.17 a (4.45%)	7.16±0.47 a (14.00%)	28.56±1.86 a (55.87%)	6.77±0.49 a (13.25%)	3.32±0.26 a (6.50%)	51.11±3.48 a
	MIT	2.63±0.42 b (5.99%)	1.96±0.31 b (4.47%)	6.13±0.95 b (13.97%)	24.46±3.77 b (55.71%)	5.84±0.91 b (13.30%)	2.87±0.45 b (6.55%)	43.89±6.80 b
	HIT	1.92±0.35 c (6.11%)	1.41±0.24 c (4.50%)	4.36±0.72 c (13.91%)	17.39±2.84 c (55.42%)	4.21±0.74 c (13.42%)	2.08±0.37 c (6.64%)	31.37±5.26 c
2019年11月	LIT	3.57±0.27 a (6.12%)	2.63±0.18 a (4.51%)	8.12±0.50 a (13.91%)	32.32±1.97 a (55.38%)	7.84±0.54 a (13.43%)	3.88±0.28 a (6.65%)	58.37±3.72 a
	MIT	3.15±0.50 b (6.20%)	2.3±0.36 b (4.53%)	7.04±1.08 b (13.87%)	27.99±4.30 b (55.17%)	6.86±1.07 b (13.51%)	3.41±0.54 b (6.71%)	50.74±7.83 b
	HIT	2.37±0.42 c (6.36%)	1.70±0.28 c (4.57%)	5.14±0.82 c (13.80%)	20.40±3.23 c (54.78%)	5.09±0.85 c (13.66%)	2.54±0.44 c (6.83%)	37.25±6.03c
2020年11月	LIT	4.17±0.29 a (6.31%)	3.01±0.19 a (4.55%)	9.15±0.54 a (13.83%)	36.33±2.11 a (54.91%)	9.00±0.58 a (13.61%)	4.50±0.30 a (6.79%)	66.16±4.01a
	MIT	3.78±0.60 a (6.43%)	2.70±0.42 a (4.59%)	8.09±1.25a b (13.77%)	32.09±4.96a b (54.60%)	8.07±1.26 a (13.72%)	4.05±0.64 a (6.89%)	58.78±9.12a
	HIT	3.02±0.59 b (6.08%)	2.02±0.46 b (4.07%)	6.96±1.49 b (14.00%)	27.74±5.97 b (55.79%)	6.68±1.34 b (13.43%)	3.3±0.65 b (6.63%)	49.71±10.30b

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Fig.1

Table 7

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间伐处理 thinning treatment	间伐强度/% thinning intensity	间伐前 before thinning		间伐后 after thinning			伐后林分密度/ (株·hm^-2) thinning retention forest density
间伐处理 thinning treatment	间伐强度/% thinning intensity	平均胸径/cm average DBH	平均树高/m average height	平均胸径/cm average DBH	平均树高/m average height	单株材积/m³ individual volume	伐后林分密度/ (株·hm^-2) thinning retention forest density
LIT	31	11.79±0.31	11.32±0.14	13.09±0.47	11.89±0.18	0.09±0.00	2 250
MIT	45	11.79±0.61	11.34±0.28	13.47±0.47	12.04±0.09	0.09±0.01	1 800
HIT	63	11.16±0.40	11.06±0.17	13.84±0.73	12.20±0.36	0.10±0.01	1 200

间伐处理 thinning treatment	土壤pH soil pH	有机碳含量/ (g·kg^-1) organic carbon content	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total nitrogen content	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1) total phosphorus content	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1) total potassium content	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available potassium content	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available phosphorus content
LIT	4.97±0.19	11.81±1.64	0.95±0.08	0.42±0.04	11.59±2.51	140.06±12.02	2.70±0.26
MIT	4.74±0.15	11.28±1.12	0.85±0.11	0.49±0.01	11.04±1.49	82.33±15.69	3.19±0.65
HIT	4.64±0.05	8.52±0.56	0.88±0.15	0.70±0.09	10.52±2.02	74.31±17.41	2.63±0.05

器官 organ	拟合方程 fitting equation	决定系数R² coefficient of determination R²	残差平方和 sum of squared residuals
叶 leaf	W=0.003 9 D^{2.445 7}	0.853^**	0.421 6
枝 branch	W=0.007 0 D^{2.133 5}	0.802^**	0.460 7
干皮 bark	W=0.007 4(DH)^{1.305 6}	0.986^**	0.027 6
去皮干 stem without bark	W=0.035 5(DH)^{1.278 2}	0.990^**	0.018 7
根蔸 root head	W=0.018 3 D^{2.175 9}	0.931^**	0.144 8
根 root	W=0.006 8 D^{2.308 2}	0.817^**	0.488 7

间伐处理 thinning	灌木层碳含量 shrub layer carbon content			草本层碳含量 herb layercarbon content		凋落物层碳含量 litter mass carbon content
间伐处理 thinning	枝branch	叶leaf	根root	地上aboveground	地下underground	凋落物层碳含量 litter mass carbon content
LIT	383.17±27.99 b	397.76±25.98 b	372.84±25.15 b	397.30±22.57 b	430.93±27.42 b	458.64±23.48 a
MIT	436.12±27.13 ab	453.68±23.10 a	442.32±18.71 a	469.93±27.82 a	487.71±18.80 a	455.21±21.01 a
HIT	458.80±17.71 a	430.76±21.05 a	418.39±26.85 ab	463.22±13.00 a	410.19±19.14 b	440.91±24.32 a

间伐处理 thinning	灌木层碳储量 shrub layer carbon storage				草本层碳储量 herb layer carbon storage			凋落物层碳储量 litter mass carbon storage
间伐处理 thinning	枝 branch	叶 leaf	根 root	合计 total	地上 above ground	地下 underground	合计 total	凋落物层碳储量 litter mass carbon storage
LIT	19.38±8.86 b (39.30%)	12.09±3.87 b (24.52%)	17.84±7.59 b (36.18%)	49.31± 18.60 a	19.28±5.74 b (79.37%)	5.01±2.47 a (20.87%)	24.29± 6.32 b	7 508.70±500.69 a
MIT	78.84±15.72 a (40.49%)	52.86±15.00 a (27.15%)	63.01±19.40 a (32.36%)	194.71± 37.26 b	32.62±7.25 b (83.19%)	6.59±3.55 ab (16.81%)	39.21± 7.11 b	4 662.44±528.61 a
HIT	101.97±12.99 a (44.66%)	57.40±17.20 a (25.14%)	68.96±22.70 a (30.20%)	228.34± 74.79 b	73.58±16.67 a (89.92%)	8.25±2.14 a (10.81%)	81.83± 46.26 a	4 442.81±344.85 a

Short-term effects of thinning on carbon storage in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems

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间伐处理 thinning	乔木层 tree layer	灌木层 shrub layer	草本层 herb layer	凋落物层 litter mass	土壤层 soil layer	合计 total
LIT	66.16±4.01 a (38.06%)	0.05±0.02 b (0.03%)	0.02±0.00 b (0.01%)	7.51±5.00 a (4.32%)	100.02±19.25 a (57.53%)	173.85±22.99 a
MIT	58.77±9.12 a (36.13%)	0.19±0.04 a (0.12%)	0.04±0.01 b (0.02%)	4.66±5.29 b (2.89%)	98.99±11.62 a (61.44%)	161.12±14.07 a
HIT	49.71±10.30 b (40.84%)	0.23±0.05 a (0.19%)	0.82±0.05 a (0.67%)	4.44±3.44 a (3.65%)	67.30±8.95 b (55.29%)	121.73±15.42 b

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