Alkali stress tolerance analysis of four Rhododendron cultivars

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202207014

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 113-120.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202207014

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Alkali stress tolerance analysis of four Rhododendron cultivars

GONG Rui(), XIA Xi, ZHANG Chunying^*()

Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Plant Innovation, Shanghai 200231,China

Received:2022-07-08 Revised:2023-08-03 Online:2024-03-30 Published:2024-04-08

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to analyze the tolerance differences of Rhododendron cultivars to alkali stress and effects on accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in different organs of rhododendron, and investigate the response mechanism of rhododendron to alkali stress. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for breeding alkali-tolerant varieties. 【Method】 Alkaline salt solution Na₂CO₃-NaHCO₃ (volumn fraction 1∶9) was used to adjust the pH value of deionized water to 7.52 and 9.14, respectively. Four Rhododendron cultivars (Rhododendron ‘Zihe’, R. ‘Kirin’, R. ‘Yanzhi Mi’ and R. ‘Fenxiu’) were treated with pot watering of alkaline solution for two months, and the growth of plants, as well as physiological and biochemical indexes such as chlorophyll content, root vigor, ferric reductase activity and mineral content were measured. 【Result】 The different varieties of Rhododendron were significantly different in terms of their tolerance to alkali stress. Those plants with weak resistance showed symptoms of alkali damage, such as the yellowing of leaves or leaves drying and falling off, root blackening and even death. With an increase in alkaline stress, the high increment and dry matter ratio of the different varieties decreased significantly. The analysis of plant dry matter quality showed that the dry matter quality of the underground part of R. ‘Kirin’ and R. ‘Yanzhi Mi’ decreased significantly with the increasing degree of alkali stress; R. ‘Zihe’ significantly decreased under high alkali stress, and R. ‘Fenxiu’ had no significant difference among different treatments. The chlorophyll content and root activity of rhododendron decreased significantly, and root iron reductase activity increased. The root activity of R. ‘Zihe’ and R. ‘Fenxiu’ showed no significantly difference under different alkali intensities, while the root activity of R. ‘Kirin’ and R. ‘Yanzhi Mi’ significantly decreased compared with the control. Only R. ‘Zihe’ showed significantly higher root iron reductase activity than the control under high alkali stress, whereas the other three cultivars showed no significantly difference among different treatments. An increase in alkali stress affected the accumulation and distribution of different mineral elements in the rhododendron. Na and Fe ions content significantly accumulated in the root system, whereas K⁺ and Ca²⁺ were concentrated in the leaves, and the content decreased significantly. The content of Na⁺ in the leaves varied among cultivars. After alkali stress treatment, the content of Na⁺ in leaves of R. ‘Yanzhi Mi’ and R. ‘Kirin’ increased significantly, but there was no significant change in R. ‘Zihe’ and R. ‘Fenxiu. ’ 【Conclusion】 Based on the above indexes, R. ‘Zihe’ and R. ‘Fenxiu’ had strong alkali resistance, followed by R. ‘Yanzhi Mi’, and the alkali resistance of R. ‘Kirin’ was weak.

Key words: Rhododendron cultivar, alkali stress, mineral element, alkali tolerance

CLC Number:

S685.21

GONG Rui, XIA Xi, ZHANG Chunying. Alkali stress tolerance analysis of four Rhododendron cultivars[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(2): 113-120.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

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品种 cultivar	处理 treatment (pH)	苗高增量比率/% height increment ratio	地上部干质量/g above ground dry biomass	地下部干质量/g root dry biomass	根冠比 ratio of root to shoot
‘紫鹤’ R.‘Zihe’	9.14	24.37±0.80 b	9.17±0.96 b	2.79±0.70 b	0.30±0.06 a
	7.52	35.71±5.68 ab	12.20±1.13 a	4.63±0.88 a	0.38±0.07 a
	CK	43.74±9.12 a	13.08±1.45 a	4.49±0.82 a	0.34±0.06 a
‘麒麟’ R.‘Kirin’	9.14	20.53±3.42 c	1.69±0.22 c	0.57±0.11 c	0.34±0.03 a
	7.52	35.56±4.83 b	3.68±0.37 b	1.02±0.12 b	0.28±0.02 b
	CK	44.98±1.30 a	5.19±0.21 a	1.37±0.11 a	0.26±0.01 b
‘胭脂蜜’ R.‘Yanzhi Mi’	9.14	22.00±1.58 b	5.66±0.43 b	2.07±0.08 c	0.37±0.01 a
	7.52	55.63±13.37 a	8.61±1.02 a	3.39±0.37 b	0.39±0.02 a
	CK	40.13±8.65 ab	9.99±1.91 a	3.97±0.54 a	0.40±0.02 a
‘粉秀’ R.‘Fenxiu’	9.14	25.01±3.71 b	5.79±1.45 a	1.90±0.41 a	0.34±0.11 a
	7.52	35.56±1.76 a	5.63±1.29 a	2.13±0.27 a	0.39±0.09 a
	CK	41.88±4.83 a	6.33±1.69 a	2.44±0.09 a	0.41±0.12 a

品种 cultivar	处理 treatment (pH)	叶绿素a含量/ (mg·L^-1) Chla content	叶绿素b含量/ (mg·L^-1) Chlb content	总叶绿素含量/ (mg·L^-1) ChlT content	根系活力/ (μg·g^-1·h^-1) root activity	铁还原酶活性/ (μm·g^-1·h^-1) FRO activity
‘紫鹤’ R.‘Zihe’	9.14	14.45±2.42 b	4.15±0.79 b	19.59±3.43 b	0.05±0.00 b	0.95±0.01 a
	7.52	16.81±1.07 ab	5.01±0.30 ab	23.11±1.48 ab	0.06±0.00 b	0.90±0.04 ab
	CK	18.99±0.75 a	5.71±0.34 a	26.26±1.22 a	0.07±0.00 a	0.84±0.04 b
‘麒麟’ R.‘Kirin’	9.14	13.06±0.36 a	3.98±0.73 a	18.09±0.44 c	0.03±0.01 c	0.91±0.09 a
	7.52	15.32±0.98 a	4.50±0.31 a	20.94±1.37 b	0.05±0.00 b	0.87±0.02 a
	CK	15.95±3.12 a	4.75±0.98 a	24.69±1.67 a	0.06±0.01 a	0.83±0.05 a
‘胭脂蜜’ R.‘Yanzhi Mi’	9.14	14.76±1.93 a	4.54±0.65 a	20.56±2.81 a	0.04±0.00 c	0.94±0.04 a
	7.52	16.52±2.01 a	4.92±0.61 a	22.73±2.79 a	0.05±0.00 b	0.91±0.02 a
	CK	17.37±0.39 a	5.10±0.13 a	23.76±0.56 a	0.06±0.00 a	0.87±0.08 a
‘粉秀’ R.‘Fenxiu’	9.14	14.30±1.33 a	4.60±0.44 a	20.19±1.90 a	0.05±0.01 b	0.94±0.02 a
	7.52	14.97±1.58 a	4.58±0.53 a	20.75±2.30 a	0.06±0.00 ab	0.89±0.03 a
	CK	15.92±1.69 a	5.15±0.48 a	22.56±2.27 a	0.07±0.01 a	0.90±0.04 a

Alkali stress tolerance analysis of four Rhododendron cultivars

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