Abstract: The different management measures including irrigation, film covering and grass mulch were taken to learn the photosynthetic responses of Camellia oleifera at full-fruit-stage.The diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate(P_n)and transpiration rate(T_r)of two cultivars(Gan 84-8 and Gan 71)were determined with Li-6400XT portable photosynthetic system during the summer drought period. Results showed that all index including the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate,water use efficiency, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO₂ concentration were increased in above mentioned cultivation conditions. The order of average net photosynthetic rate(P_n)of Gan 84-8 and Gan 71 from high to low under different treatments was irrigation B, film covering, irrigation A, grass mulch. The average transpiration rate(T_r)of Gan 84-8 from high to low was irrigation B, the irrigation A, film covering, grass mulch. The average transpiration(T_r)rate of Gan 71 from high to low was irrigation B, film covering, irrigation A, grass mulch. The average water use efficiency(WUE)of Gan 84-8 from high to low was irrigation B, film covering,irrigation A, grass mulch. The average water use efficiency(WUE)of Gan 71 from high to low was grass mulch, film covering, irrigation B, irrigation A. So these management measures could effectively relieve the water stress of photosynthesis of camellia plants under the high temperature and drought condition, promote the plant to effectively utilize water during summer drought period. The irrigation, film covering and grass mulch could increase chlorophyll content in Camellia leaf.