Analysis and evaluation on physicochemical properties of poplar biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201910005

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 193-200.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201910005

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Analysis and evaluation on physicochemical properties of poplar biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures

DING Sihui¹(), FANG Shengzuo¹^,²^,^*(), TIAN Ye¹^,², SONG Ziqi², ZHANG Yanhua²

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2019-10-09 Revised:2020-05-08 Online:2020-11-30 Published:2020-12-07
Contact: FANG Shengzuo E-mail:1207582702@qq.com;fangsz@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The characteristics and structure of polar leaf, twig, and bark and straw biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures were analyzed, the types and pyrolysis temperature of agricultural and forestry wastes which are more suitable for forest soil improvement were selected. 【Method】We selected four kinds of agricultural and forestry residues as raw materials, namely leaves, twigs, bark harvested from different components of poplar, and straw harvested from rice. Furnace temperatures were respectively set at 300, 500 and 700 ℃. We studied the properties of biochar, including yield, pH, total C content, total N content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area, and surface functional group. 【Result】The results of this study showed that with an increase in pyrolysis temperature, the yield of biochar of the four selected materials gradually decreased, whereas the ash content and pH value continuously increased. At the same pyrolysis temperature, the total C content of twig biochar and bark biochar was evidently higher than that of leaf biochar and straw biochar, while the total N content, total P content, and total K content were lower than those of leaf biochar and straw biochar. The water-soluble and exchangeable base cations of the four kinds of biochar increased with an increase in pyrolysis temperature. The CEC of leaf biochar was higher than that of the other three feedstock biochar. The specific surface area and total pore volume of leaf biochar and bark biochar were generally larger than those of twig biochar and straw biochar. The specific surface area of bark biochar and leaf biochar at 700 ℃ was as high as 597.02 m²/g and 121.01 m²/g, respectively. The surface functional groups, particularly the aromatic skeleton, of the four kinds of biochar were almost the same. We found that with an increase in pyrolysis temperature, the type and number of surface functional groups decreased; however, the degree of aromatization increased. 【Conclusion】Through a comprehensive analysis, we found that among biochar of different raw materials and pyrolysis temperatures, ash content, pH, N, K and base ion content of leaf and straw biochar are relatively higher; the values are more suitable for improving acidic soil and increasing soil nutrients. However, the higher carbon content in poplar twigs and bark is suitable for soil carbon sequestration for improving soil organic matter content. Overall, poplar leaf biochar at 500 ℃ had the highest N, P, and K content, strong CEC, and large specific surface area, and is thus more suitable for soil improvement in woodlands.

Key words: poplar, biotic components, biochar, pyrolysis temperature, soil improvement

CLC Number:

S792.11
S714

DING Sihui, FANG Shengzuo, TIAN Ye, SONG Ziqi, ZHANG Yanhua. Analysis and evaluation on physicochemical properties of poplar biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 193-200.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.2

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原料类型 feedstock type	热解温度/ ℃ pyrolysis temperature	c(TC)/ %	c(TN)/ %	c(TP)/ (g·kg^-1)	c(TK)/ (g·kg^-1)
树叶LB	300	51.56±0.17 h	1.89±0.02 a	1.27±0.12 i	9.61±0.41 e
	500	55.61±0.74 g	1.82±0.03 a	2.75±0.13 g	16.65±0.66 c
	700	57.22±0.62 f	1.63±0.06 a	3.27±0.14 e	18.37±0.57 c
树枝TB	300	65.80±0.95 c	1.08±0.00 b	2.27±0.06 h	9.20±0.12 f
	500	75.25±0.42 b	1.15±0.01 b	3.39±0.28 d	12.55±0.45 d
	700	77.44±0.41 a	1.18±0.07 b	3.73±0.03 b	14.68±0.03 d
树皮BB	300	63.78±0.73 c	0.70±0.06 c	0.61±0.02 l	5.21±0.04 h
	500	72.67±0.89 b	0.75±0.08 c	0.88±0.03 k	8.55±1.38 g
	700	78.57±0.33 a	0.89±0.06 c	0.95±0.14 j	7.65±0.08 g
秸秆SB	300	57.31±0.21 f	2.06±0.03 a	3.05±0.25 f	38.08±0.42 b
	500	60.63±0.48 e	1.73±0.02 a	3.47±0.36 c	48.42±0.42 a
	700	62.61±0.59 d	1.65±0.05 a	4.53±0.14 a	47.70±1.59 a

原料类型 feedstock type	热解温度/ ℃ pyrolysis temperature	盐基离子含量/(cmol·kg^-1) base cations		阳离子交换量/ (cmol·kg^-1) cation exchange capacity
原料类型 feedstock type	热解温度/ ℃ pyrolysis temperature	水溶性 soluble	交换性 exchangeable	阳离子交换量/ (cmol·kg^-1) cation exchange capacity
树叶LB	300	36.46±3.67 f	35.35±1.70 c	28.55±3.53 bc
	500	44.52±5.16 f	43.74±2.83 bc	32.87±3.11 b
	700	74.43±8.68 d	50.83±6.73 b	23.74±2.08 c
树枝TB	300	16.12±2.16 h	21.37±2.21 d	21.11±2.58 c
	500	20.85±3.18 h	31.35±6.06 c	19.64±2.39 c
	700	31.55±0.46 g	66.72±1.63 a	23.68±2.12 c
树皮BB	300	24.13±1.26 g	30.37±3.37 c	18.99±0.91 d
	500	34.64±5.85 g	40.65±2.33 c	43.90±2.52 a
	700	66.70±6.08 e	42.14±3.35 c	12.61±0.46 d
秸秆SB	300	96.04±4.21 c	39.52±4.83 c	20.78±0.88 c
	500	111.65±0.60 b	53.54±2.53 b	23.02±2.01 c
	700	123.98±2.59 a	53.68±6.28 b	24.24±1.37 c

原料类型 feedstock type	热解温度/℃ pyrolysis tempe- rature	比表面积/ (m²·g^-1) specific surface area	总孔容积/ (cm³·g^-1) total pore volume	t-plot 微孔面积/ (m²·g^-1) t-plot micropore area	t-plot 微孔体积/ (cm³·g^-1) t-plot micropore volume
树叶LB	300	10.06	0.01	0	0
	500	35.61	0.04	0	0
	700	121.01	0.05	9.91	0.005 0
树枝TB	300	12.14	0.01	0	0
	500	17.49	0.02	0.26	0.000 2
	700	27.43	0.02	0.85	0.000 5
树皮BB	300	11.10	0.01	0.20	0.000 1
	500	19.07	0.02	0.32	0.000 2
	700	597.02	0.08	90.29	0.048 0
秸秆SB	300	4.51	0.01	2.30	0.001 0
	500	7.52	0.01	8.54	0.004 0
	700	25.93	0.02	0.95	0.001 0

Analysis and evaluation on physicochemical properties of poplar biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures

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