Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311009

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 144-152.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311009

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Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration

ZHAO Wei¹(), WANG Haoyu¹, ZHU Mingwei¹, XU Zhibiao², HUANG Tao¹, SUN Liyong¹, HOU Jing¹, LI Shuxian¹^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Educational, Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Silvicultural Sciences of Jiangsu Province, College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Yancheng Forestry Station, Yancheng 224049, China

Received:2023-11-08 Accepted:2024-03-12 Online:2025-05-30 Published:2025-05-27
Contact: LI Shuxian E-mail:zhaoxiaowei@njfu.edu.cn;shuxianli@njfu.com.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Quercus texana is primarily propagated via seeds, but these are highly sensitive to dehydration, which limits their transport and storage potential. This study investigated the physiological changes occurring during seed desiccation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their intolerance to dehydration. 【Method】Seeds of Q. texana were analyzed at moisture contents (WC) of 39.6% (fresh seeds), 35.0%, 30.0%, 25.0%, 20.0%, 15.0%, and 13.0%. Germination percentages and physiological parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), proline, saccharides, soluble proteins, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured to explore the effects of desiccation. 【Result】When the WC exceeded 25.0%, the germination percentage remained above 90.0%. However, as the dehydration of Q. texana seeds progressed, the germination percentage progressively declined, reaching 38.3% at a WC of 15.0%. Further reduction in WC to 13.0% resulted in the complete inhibition of germination, with the percentage falling to 0.0%. The regression model (y = 0.016 5x³ - 1.553 6x² + 47.84x - 392.03) established critical and semilethal WC at 21.4% and 16.7%, respectively. MDA levels increased continuously during desiccation, indicating heightened lipid peroxidation. SOD content exhibited an initial rise, followed by a sharp decline at 25.0% WC, while CAT activity exhibited a consistent decline, accelerating below 25.0% WC. The levels of osmoregulatory substances, such as proline and sucrose, increased up to 20.0% WC but decreased thereafter. The soluble sugars peaked at 15.0% WC, while reducing sugars steadily increased. The soluble protein content declined, though this decline was not statistically significant across desiccation stages. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between germination percentage and SOD and CAT activities, and a negative relationship with MDA, reducing sugar, proline, soluble sugar, and sucrose levels. 【Conclusion】Q. texana seeds demonstrated a high level of intolerance to dehydration, necessitating a minimum WC of 21.4%, preferably above 16.7%, for safe transport and storage. It was observed that initial dehydration stress is mitigated by enhanced SOD activity and increased osmoregulatory substances such as proline, sucrose, and soluble sugars. However, the progressive decline in CAT activity and soluble proteins, combined with MDA accumulation and rising reducing sugars, compromises seed viability under prolonged desiccation.

Key words: Quercus texana, recalcitrant seeds, dehydration tolerance, osmoregulator, antioxidant enzyme

CLC Number:

S718.3

ZHAO Wei, WANG Haoyu, ZHU Mingwei, XU Zhibiao, HUANG Tao, SUN Liyong, HOU Jing, LI Shuxian. Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2025, 49(3): 144-152.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig. 1

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Table 2

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含水率 moisture content	发芽率 germination percentage	下降幅度 descend range
39.6	93.3±5.8 a	—
35.0	90.0±4.4 a	3.6
30.0	90.7±6.1 a	2.9
25.0	93.3±2.9 a	0.0
20.0	71.7±10.4 b	23.2
15.0	38.3±7.6 c	58.9
13.0	0.0±0.0 d	100.0

指标 index	含水率 moisture content	发芽率 germination percentage	SOD活性 SOD activity	CAT活性 CAT activity	脯氨酸含量 proline content	丙二醛含量 MDA content	可溶性糖含量 soluble sugar content	还原糖含量 reducing sugar content	蔗糖含量 sucrose content	可溶性蛋白含量 soluble protein content
含水率 moisture content	1
发芽率 germination percentage	0.817^*	1
SOD活性 SOD activity	0.401	0.771^*	1
CAT活性 CAT activity	0.900^**	0.854^**	0.561	1
脯氨酸含量 proline content	-0.935^**	-0.712^*	-0.372	-0.827^**	1
丙二醛含量 MDA content	-0.871^**	-0.683^*	-0.338	-0.760^**	0.822^*	1
可溶性糖含量 soluble sugar content	-0.972^**	-0.767^*	-0.403	-0.863^**	0.935^**	0.853^**	1
还原糖含量 reducing sugar content	-0.965^**	-0.801^**	-0.371	-0.886^**	0.875^**	0.827^**	0.955^**	1
蔗糖含量 sucrose content	-0.884^*	-0.868^*	0.073	-0.737^**	0.855^*	0.740^**	0.875^**	0.820^**	1
可溶性蛋白含量 soluble protein content	0.633^*	0.445	-0.034	0.497	-0.559	-0.500	-0.602^*	-0.621^*	-0.663^*	1

Physiological response of Quercus texana seeds during dehydration

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