Abstract: This paper expounds the cardinal principles of planning and architectural design of Jiangshi mountain villas. In the light of natural environment of Jiangshi mountain villas, the designer presents the basic designing principles as follows: 1) Making full use of natural surroundings of the mountain and suiting materials to local conditions: 2) Breaking up the whole into small parts and decentralizing the distribution: 3) Reflecting the artistic conception of mountain villas, presenting traditional architecture of village houses, and embodying the local characteristics. In architectural design, based on historical tradition and experience of Chinese architecture, combining with functional demands of modern architecture and integrating theory with practice, the author has made a preliminary attempt to plane combination, elevation modelling of Jiangshi mountain villas architecture as well as correct handling of traditional architecture and architectural innovation.