The morphological structure, dimensions and mechanical properties of fiber bundle in cotton stalk epidermis and xylem were investigated using optical microscope and fiber tensile strength tester after they were disposed by rub silk process. The length, width, the radio and the crosssectional areain cotton stalk epidermis were 2512 mm, 2019 μm, 15878, and 42 11969 μm2, respectively. The length, the width, the radio, and the crosssectional areain cotton stalk xylem were 1357 mm, 25336 μm, 7688, and 69 24616 μm2, respectively. The length and radio of the fiber bundle in cotton stalk epidermis were lower than that in the xylem. The width and rosssectional area in cotton stalk epidermis were higher than the area in the xylem. The tensile stress, elastic modulus and elongation of fiber bundle in epidermis were 6073 MPa, 217 GPa, and 43, and those in the xylem were 4258 MPa, 133 GPa, and 311, respectively. Fiber bundle in epidermis has a better flexibility because the tensile stress, elastic modulus and elongation in cotton stalk epidermis were higher than those in the xylem. The mechanical property of cotton stalk was poorer, compared with other plant fibers. The mechanical property of fiber bundle in epidemic was lower than single cotton stalk fiber. The results provided the essential data for cotton stalk fiber used in plant fiber composites as the reinforced materials.
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