Effects of the proportional fertilization on the nutrient content and photosynthesis of young grafted pecan seedlings

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811045

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 169-174.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811045

Special Issue: 薄壳山核桃专题

Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of the proportional fertilization on the nutrient content and photosynthesis of young grafted pecan seedlings

ZHENG Xiaoqin¹(), CHEN Wenjing¹, CAO Fan¹, FENG Gang¹, LI Yongrong², PENG Fangren¹^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037, China
2. Green Universe Pecan Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210007, China

Received:2018-11-26 Revised:2019-05-05 Online:2019-10-08 Published:2019-10-08
Contact: PENG Fangren E-mail:1939565644@qq.com;frpeng@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) treatments on the nutrient content and physiological characteristics of young grafted pecan seedlings were studied to determine the optimum fertilization scheme. 【Method】 Two-year-old seedlings from native Chinese ‘Shaoxing’ pecan seeds were collected as rootstock and the U.S.-released pecan cultivar ‘Mahan’ as scion. After one year of growth, the young grafted seedlings were transplanted into pots for use as experimental materials. Based on the L ₉(3⁴) orthogonal experimental design, fertilization experiments were conducted with three factors, i.e., N, P and K, and three treatments, i.e., N: 4,6,8 g/plant; P: 2,3,4 g/plant; K: 1,3,5 g/plant. The effects of different treatments on the nutrient content (total N, total P and total K) of different tissues (roots, shoots and leaves) and the whole plant as well as the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis-related indicators [net photosynthesis rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and transpiration rate (T_r)] of pecan leaves were tested and analyzed. 【Result】 Proportional fertilization significantly increased the total N, total P and total K contents of the whole plant and all tissues of young grafted pecan seedlings. Among the different tissues, the total N and total P contents were the highest in leaves, followed by the roots and then shoots. Further, the total K content was the highest in the roots, followed by the shoots and then leaves. Chlorophyll a and b contents peaked in mid-July. Proportional fertilization significantly affected the photosynthesis-related indicators of seedlings, exceptT_r; the other indicators were present as N>K>P. 【Conclusion】 Proportional fertilization of pecan seedlings significantly increased the nutrient content of the whole plant and different tissues, chlorophyll content in leaves, and photosynthetic capacity. It was preliminarily concluded that the optimum fertilization ratio for pecan seedlings was that used in the last treatment, i.e., N: 6 g/plant, P: 2 g/plant, and K: 5 g/plant.

Key words: pecan(Carya illinoinensis), proportional fertilization, nutrient elements, photosynthetic parameters

CLC Number:

S718

ZHENG Xiaoqin, CHEN Wenjing, CAO Fan, FENG Gang, LI Yongrong, PENG Fangren. Effects of the proportional fertilization on the nutrient content and photosynthesis of young grafted pecan seedlings[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2019, 43(5): 169-174.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 5

References 26

[1]	彭方仁, 李永荣, 郝明灼, 等. 我国薄壳山核桃生产现状与产业化发展策略[J]. 林业科技开发, 2012, 26(4):1-4. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8101.2012.04.001.
	PENG F R, LI Y R, HAO M Z, et al. Pecan production status and development strategy of industry in China[J]. China Forestry Science and Technology, 2012, 26(4):1-4.
[2]	刘壮壮, 骆敏, 彭方仁, 等. 不同品种薄壳山核桃光合及快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特性[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2017, 45(4):36-42. DOI: 10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2017.04.008.
	LIU Z Z, LUO M, PENG F R, et al. Photosynjournal and fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics of different varieties of Carya cathayensis [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry Universiy, 2017, 45(4):36-42.
[3]	MANTER D K, KAVANAGH K L, ROSE C L. Growth response of Douglas fir seedlings to nitrogen fertilization: importance of Rubisco activation state and respiration rates[J]. Tree Physiology, 2005, 25:1015-1021.DOI: 10.1093/treephys/25.8.1015. doi: 10.1093/treephys/25.8.1015
[4]	MANCUS P. Nitrogen fertilizer dependency and its contradictions: a theoretical exploration of social-ecological metabolism[J]. Rural Sociology, 2007, 72:269-288.DOI: 10.1526/003601107781170008. doi: 10.1526/003601107781170008
[5]	NEUGSCHWANDTNER R W, KAUL H P. Sowing ratio and N fertilization affect yield and yield components of oat and pea in intercrops[J]. Field Crops Research, 2014, 155:159-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.010. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.010
[6]	SANTOS V B, ARAÚJO A S F, LEITE L F C, et al. Soil microbial biomass and organic matter fractions during transition from conventional to organic farming systems[J]. Geoderma, 2012, 170:227-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.11.007. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.11.007
[7]	DE VASCONCELOS A C F, CHAVES L H G, FERNANDES J D, et al. Crambe (Crambe abyssinica) cultivation under different levels of fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium[J]. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2017, 8(9):2031-2039. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2017.89136. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2017.89136
[8]	宫永红, 盖素芬, 赵宝军. 核桃叶片中氮、磷、钾含量及年动态变化规律研究[J]. 辽宁林业科技, 2002(6):9-10,21. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1714.2002.06.004.
	GONG Y H, GAI S F, ZHAO B J, et al. Contents of N, P and K in leaves ofJuglans regia and its annual dynamic rhythm [J]. Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology, 2002(6):9-10, 21.
[9]	柴家荣, 尚志强, 戴福斌, 等. 氮、磷、钾营养对白肋烟叶绿体色素、化学成分的影响及相关性分析[J]. 中国烟草科学, 2006, 27(2):5-9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5119.2006.02.002.
	CHAI J R, SHANG Z Q, DAI F B, et al. Relative analysis and effect of N, P and K on burley tobacco chlorophyll and chemical compositions[J]. Chinese Tobacco Science, 2006, 27(2):5-9.
[10]	中华人民共和国林业部. 森林植物与森林枯枝落叶层全氮、磷、钾、钠、钙、镁的测定: GB/T 7888—87 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004.
	Ministry of Forestry of the People’s Republic of China. Determination of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in forest plants and forest litter layer: GB/T 7888—87 [S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2004.
[11]	李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术 [M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
	LI H S. Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000.
[12]	梁华东. 浅析植物营养与肥料科学的发展趋势[C]// 全国第14届新型肥料技术及新工艺推介研讨会论文资料汇编. 商丘:中国化工学会化肥专业委员会学术年会, 2009.
	LIANG H D. Brief analysis on the development trend of plant nutrition and fertilize science[C]// Compilation of papers and materials of the 14th National Symposiumon the Introduction of New Fertilizer Technologies and Technologies. Shangqiu: Chemil Fertilizer Professional Committee of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2009.
[13]	刘凤, 张丽. 氮磷钾配比对绿化树根系的影响[J]. 江西农业, 2018(16):88-89. DOI: 10.19394/j.cnki.issn1674-4179.2018.16.070.
	LIU F, ZHANG L. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio on the root system of greening tree[J]. Jiangxi Agriculture, 2018 (16):88-89.
[14]	孙利涛. 施肥对杨树生长及生理特性的影响[D]. 南京:南京林业大学, 2008.
	SUN L T. Effects of Fertilization on growth and physiological characteristics of poplar[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2008.
[15]	刘崇欣, 周应书, 李斌, 等. 不同氮磷钾配比对核桃树生长及产量的影响[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2019, 47(2):90-93.
	LIU C X, ZHOU Y S, LI B, et al. Effects of different NPK ratio on growth and yield of walnut trees[J]. Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47(2):90-93.
[16]	宋海星, 李生秀. 玉米生长量、养分吸收量及氮肥利用率的动态变化[J]. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(1):71-76. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0578-1752.2003.01.013.
	SONG H X, LI S X. Dynamics of nutrient accumulation in maize plants under different water and N supply conditions[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(1):71-76.
[17]	闵炬, 施卫明, 王俊儒. 不同施氮水平对大棚蔬菜氮磷钾养分吸收及土壤养分含量的影响[J]. 土壤, 2008, 40(2):226-231. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9829.2008.02.013.
	MIN J, SHI W M, WANG J R. Effects of N fertilizer application rate on vegetable N, P, K uptake and soil nutrient content in greenhouse[J]. Soils, 2008, 40(2):226-231.
[18]	韦安泰. 毛白杨苗木营养特性及氮源和氮磷钾配比施肥效应研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2008.
	WEI A T. Seedling nutrient characteristic and effect of nitrogen source and NPK mixed fertilizers on Populus tomentosa[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2008.
[19]	AREFI I, KAFI M, KHAZAEE H R, et al. Effect of nitrogen phosphorous and potassium fertilizer levels on yield, photosynthetic rate photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll content, and nitrogen concentration of plant components of Allium altissimum Regel[J]. Bum Shinasii Kishavarzi, 2012, 4(3):207-214.
[20]	李云翔, 赵营, 尹志荣, 等. 枸杞树不同器官氮磷钾吸收规律及其合理施肥初探[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(28):61-66.
	LI Y X, ZHAO Y, YIN Z R, et al. Primary exploration of N, P and K uptake in wolfberry tree organs and the rational application rates[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2018, 34(28):61-66.
[21]	KRAIMER R A, LINDEMANN W C, HERRERA E A. Distribution of 15N-labeled fertilizer applied to pecan: a case study[J]. Hort Science, 2001, 36(2):308-312. DOI: 10.21273/hortsci.36.2.308.
[22]	陈周琴, 张露, 李燕山, 等. 龙脑樟叶片光合特性对氮磷钾肥的响应[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2015, 37(3):490-496. DOI: 10.13836/j.jjau.2015076.
	CHEN Z Q, ZHANG L, LI Y S, et al. The response of photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of Cinnamomum camphorach var. borneol to different fertilization levels [J]. Journal of Jiangxi Agricultural University, 2015, 37(3):490-496.
[23]	国靖, 汪贵斌, 曹福亮. 施肥对银杏叶片光合作用及营养元素质量分数的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2016, 33(6):969-975. DOI: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2016.06.007.
	GUO J, WANG G B, CAO F L. Photosynjournal and nutrient content with fertilization for Ginkgo biloba leaves [J]. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2016, 33(6):969-975.
[24]	邹振华, 党宁, 王惠群, 等. 不同氮素水平对营养生长期南荻植株光合特性的影响[J]. 作物研究, 2012, 26(3):255-259. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5280.2012.03.12.
	ZOU Z H, DANG N, WANG H Q, et al. Effects of different nitrogen rates on photosynthetic characteristics in vegetative period of Triarrhena lutarioriparia L.Liu [J]. Crop Research, 2012, 26(3):255-259. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5280.2012.03.12.
[25]	王冉, 何茜, 丁晓纲, 等. N素指数施肥对沉香苗期光合生理特性的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2011, 33(6):58-64. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.2011.06.026.
	WANG R, HE Q, DING X G, et al. Effects of exponential fertilization on seedling growth and photosynjournal of Aquilarias spp .[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2011, 33(6):58-64.
[26]	胡春梅, 王秀峰, 季俊杰. 钾对瓜尔豆光合及胚乳中糖类含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2006, 12(6):858-863. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1008-505X.2006.06.017.
	HU C M, WANG X F, JI J J. Effects of potassium on photosynjournal and endospermous carbohydrates contents of Guar [Cyamposis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.][J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2006, 12(6):858-863.

Metrics

Comments

www.nldxb.njfu.edu.cn

Edited ＆ Published by Editorial Department of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)
Address： No.159 Longpan Road,Nanjing 210037 Jiangsu,P.R.China
E-mail ：xuebao@njfu.edu.cn , xuebao@njfu.com.cn
Telephone +86-25-85428247,85427076
Distributed by China International Book Trading Corporation P.O. Box 399, Beijing ,P.R. China

处理编号 treatment No.	因子及处理水平/(g·株^-1) actor and treatment level			处理组合 treatment group
处理编号 treatment No.	N	P	K	处理组合 treatment group
T1	4	2	1	N₁P₁K₁
T2	4	3	3	N₁P₂K₂
T3	4	4	5	N₁P₃K₃
T4	6	2	5	N₂P₁K₃
T5	6	3	1	N₂P₂K₁
T6	6	4	3	N₂P₃K₂
T7	8	2	3	N₃P₁K₂
T8	8	3	5	N₃P₂K₃
T9	8	4	1	N₃P₃K₁
CK	0	0	0	N₀P₀K₀

处理 treatment	TN			TP			TK
处理 treatment	根 root	茎 shoot	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 shoot	叶 leaf	根 root	茎 shoot	叶 leaf
T1	0.18±0.01 d	0.11±0.07 ab	0.70±0.04 d	1.23±0.06 f	0.46±0.06 h	1.68±0.04 f	0.125±0.008 abc	0.097±0.011 c	0.101±0.009 cd
T2	0.07±0.03 e	0.03±0.02 de	0.84±0.14 b	2.49±0.03 a	0.61±0.01 g	2.27±0.01 c	0.101±0.017 d	0.111±0.001 ab	0.106±0.001 bcd
T3	0.30±0.02 bc	0.07±0.01 bcd	0.78±0.06 bcd	2.27±0.12 bc	0.90±0.01 e	1.84±0.02 e	0.126±0.001 abc	0.109±0.005 ab	0.111±0.004 abc
T4	0.36±0.03 a	0.14±0.02 a	0.49±0.04 e	2.29±0.01 bc	1.06±0.01 c	2.67±0.04 b	0.118±0.017 bc	0.120±0.002 a	0.119±0.010 a
T5	0.37±0.01 a	0.04±0.03 de	0.82±0.04 bc	2.44±0.06 a	1.27±0.02 a	2.26±0.00 c	0.121±0.003 abc	0.105±0.006 bc	0.112±0.003 abc
T6	0.37±0.07 a	0.10±0.03 abc	0.74±0.03 bcd	2.20±0.02 c	1.21±0.03 b	3.20±0.07 a	0.126±0.001 abc	0.112±0.003 ab	0.099±0.001 d
T7	0.34±0.03 ab	0.05±0.03 cde	0.71±0.03 cd	2.31±0.04 b	0.96±0.02 d	1.84±0.02 e	0.132±0.001 ab	0.106±0.005 bc	0.116±0.004 ab
T8	0.25±0.01 c	0.07±0.01 bcd	0.84±0.06 b	1.12±0.01 g	0.82±0.02 f	2.00±0.04 d	0.129±0.007 abc	0.115±0.011 ab	0.111±0.008 abc
T9	0.35±0.02 ab	0.02±0.02 de	0.99±0.05 a	1.95±0.01 d	1.02±0.05 c	2.23±0.02 c	0.136±0.005 a	0.110±0.005 ab	0.098±0.003 d
CK	0.01±0.01 f	0.01±0.00 e	0.17±0.04 f	1.67±0.01 e	0.96±0.01 d	1.95±0.06 d	0.113±0.006 cd	0.113±0.005 ab	0.107±0.010 bcd

处理 treatment	P_n/ (μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	G_s/ (μmol· m^-2·s^-1)	C_i/ (μmol· mol^-1)	T_r/ (μmol· m^-2·s^-1)
T1	10.63±0.15 e	208.33±4.51 d	227.00±3.00 f	2.31±0.02b c
T2	11.53±0.06 d	239.67±3.21 a	243.67±0.58 e	2.26±0.01 e
T3	11.67±0.21 d	134.67±1.53 h	208.67±3.21 g	1.51±0.03 g
T4	14.70±0.10 a	242.33±2.52 a	279.67±3.51 a	2.27±0.03 de
T5	12.47±0.21 c	232.00±3.46 b	267.33±1.15 b	2.30±0.01 cd
T6	13.50±0.10 b	214.67±4.16 c	245.00±1.00 e	2.34±0.02 b
T7	9.77±0.06 g	189.33±3.06 e	260.00±2.65 c	1.88±0.02 f
T8	10.40±0.00 f	169.67±0.58 g	250.67±0.58 d	1.45±0.02 h
T9	11.70±0.10 d	183.67±4.16 f	269.33±1.53 b	2.41±0.02 a
CK	9.60±0.17 g	72.33±3.06 i	261.67±1.53 c	0.71±0.03 i

Effects of the proportional fertilization on the nutrient content and photosynthesis of young grafted pecan seedlings

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 5

References 26

Related Articles 12

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

Author

Reader

Reviewer

[1]	LIN Qiang, LU Tianyu, SHEN Hailong, WANG Yuanxing, ZHANG Peng. Analysis of needle photosynthetic index characteristics for long period seed setting and non-setting trees of Pinus koraiensis [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(3): 137-146.
[2]	JIA Zhanhui, JIA Xiaodong, XU Mengyang, MO Zhenghai, ZHAI Min, XUAN Jiping, ZHANG Jiyu, WANG Gang, WANG Tao, GUO Zhongren. Cloning and expression analyses of the key enzyme gene of procyanidins biosynthesis in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(5): 49-57.
[3]	NA Xiaoying, LIU Gang, LIU Guifeng, WANG Xiuwei. Effects of the four genes expressions and photosynthetic parameters on seedlings growth of different birch clones [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(2): 88-94.
[4]	CHEN Li, LIU Chenggong, QIAN Yingying, TANG Xiaodie, WANG Shengshu, LI Zhidong, LI Yan, CUI Jun. Stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, P of Taxus chinensis var. mairei plantation needles [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 53-61.
[5]	DU Jincheng, LI Xinxin, DENG Xiaobing, MU Changlong. Comparisons of leaf functional characteristics of nine olive varieties [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(2): 159-164.
[6]	NI Xia, WU Sisi,ZHOU Benzhi, LU Xiaozhen, CAO Yonghui. Light response characteristic of Phyllostachys edulis under drought treatment [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2018, 42(02): 47-51.
[7]	WANG Xiaomei, KANG Xin, HOU Changying, ZHENG Abao, ZHANG Cunkuan, XU Chi, LIU Maosong. Influence factors of Ilex chinensis seedling regeneration in the mountainous region of southern Jiangsu Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2017, 41(04): 197-201.
[8]	WANG Xiaoyu, SHENG Sheng, KONG Jin, WANG Yingying, ZHANG Xiaowei, LIU Maosong. Accumulation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in sediment under plant communities in river [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2017, 41(02): 20-26.
[9]	KUANG Heling, WANG Guibin,CAO Fuliang. Influence of nitrogen levels on photosynthesis,nutrient elements and camptothecin content of Camptotheca acuminata [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2016, 40(03): 15-20.
[10]	XIE Hui cheng 1,YANG Mao sheng 2. The Biocycle of Larix principis-ruppechtii Forest Plantation in South Slope of Qinlin Mountains [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2002, 26(05): 49-52.
[11]	Huang Baolong(Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037)Ye Gongfu Zhang Shuisong Xu Junsen Chen Hong Pan Huizhong. STUDIES ON DYNAMIC PROPERTIES ON THE NUTRIENT ELEMENTS IN THE CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA PLANTATION [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 1998, 22(02): 1-4.
[12]	Ye Gongfu Huang Baolong(Fujian Research Institute of Forestry Fuzhou 350012). STUDIES ON GEOCHEMICAL CYCLING IN CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA PLANTATION ECOSYSTEMS [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 1998, 22(01): 5-8.