【Objective】 Bamboo is an important economic plant in China. As the epidermis cells of bamboo leaves are rich in silicon, paraffin slices of bamboo epidermal cells are easily broken and thus rarely provide a clear and complete sample. Nevertheless, the paraffin method for preparation of bamboo leaf sample has important practical applications in the study of bamboo leaf anatomical structure. Therefore, it is very necessary to desiliconize with hydrofluoric acid before paraffin sectioning. Determining the optimum concentration of hydrofluoric acid for treatment and treatment duration is crucial for observing the internal anatomical structure of bamboo leaves. 【Method】 In this study, we used the paraffin method to prepare leaf samples of 11 bamboo species. First, we determined the optimum hydrofluoric acid concentration and treatment duration for the desilication of bamboo leaves; the other 10 bamboo species were then subjected to this treatment. The bamboo leaf cell structure as well as the effect of desilication were observed and analyzed. 【Result】 By comparing the morphological and anatomical structures of the leaf epidermis with those of leaf basic tissues, the structures that markedly affected the quality of the paraffin slice were determined to be the siliceous cells of the upper and lower epidermis and the main vein. These structures render the traditional paraffin slice easily breakable and make it difficult to obtain a paraffin slice of the whole internal anatomical structure of bamboo leaves. In this experiment, we found that with desilication of the upper and lower epidermal cells and veins of bamboo leaves using 25% hydrofluoric acid for 2 days resulted in the successful preparation of complete paraffin sections. 【Conclusion】 The optimum hydrofluoric acid concentration for desilication is 25% and the treatment duration is 2 days.