Abstract: In order to evaluate thermal insulation performance of external wall of bamboo structure, an experimental study on the thermal performance of external wall(its facing includes plastering and hanging plate)in built modern bamboo structure anti-seismic welfare housing was conducted, using the measurement of temperature controlled box-heat flow meter. The results showed that the main influence factors in testing the thermal performance of bamboo walls with temperature controlled box-heat flow meter were the structure of bamboo walls and the measuring position. For external wall with plastering facing,the average value of the heat-transfer resistance was 1.52(m²·K)/W,while the value of the heat-transfer coefficient was 0.66 W/(m²·K); and for external wall with hanging plate facing, the average value of the heat-transfer resistance was 2.71(m²·K)/W,while the value of the heat-transfer coefficient was 0.37 W/(m²·K). This two kinds of bamboo walls had excellent properties of insulation and energy saving.The external wall with plastering facing,which achieved the standard of saving 65% energy partially, could be used in hot summer and cold winter, hot summer and warm winter area.The external wall with hanging plate facing,which achieves the standard of saving 65% energy, could be used in hot summer and cold winter area, hot summer and warm winter area and cold area.