JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 227-234.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202002035
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LIU Hao1,2(), LIU Can2, LIU Junchang1,*(
)
Received:
2020-02-24
Accepted:
2020-10-11
Online:
2021-01-30
Published:
2021-02-01
Contact:
LIU Junchang
E-mail:6hao1121@163.com;liujunchang@vip.sina.com
CLC Number:
LIU Hao, LIU Can, LIU Junchang. Effects of the sloping land conversion program impact on the rural households’ income and consumption inequalities in China[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(1): 227-234.
Table 1
Definition and descriptive statistics of main variables"
项目 item | 变量 variables | 定义definition |
---|---|---|
退耕还林工程SLCP | S | 参加退耕(是=1;否=0)participate in the SLCP (yes=1; otherwise=0) |
生产要素投入 production factors input | P1 | 耕地面积(hm2)area of cropland |
P2 | 林地面积(hm2)area of forest land | |
P3 | 以土地为基础的劳动力投入(人·d)land-based labor input | |
P4 | 以土地为基础的生产费用(元)land-based production expenditure | |
P5 | 非农劳动力投入(人·d)off-farm labor input | |
收入income | R1 | 以土地为基础的收入(元)land-based income |
R2 | 非农收入(元)off-farm income | |
消费consumption | C | 消费(元)total consumption |
市场因素 market factors | M1 | 农产品价格指数(1995年为1)price index of agricultural products (which in 1995 is 1) |
M2 | 林产品价格指数(1995年为1)price index of forest products (which in 1995 is 1) | |
M3 | 劳动力价格指数(1995年为1)price index of employing labor (which in 1995 is 1) | |
M4 | 银行1年期存款基准利率(%)interest rate of bank’s 1-year deposits | |
其他政策 other policies | O1 | 种植业税费(补贴视为负项税)(元)tax-fee of agricultural production |
O2 | 林业税费(补贴视为负项税)(元)tax-fee of forestry production | |
家庭特征 family characteristics | F1 | 家庭人口(人)household size |
F2 | 户主年龄(岁)age of the household head | |
F3 | 户主受教育年限(a)education year of the household head | |
F4 | 户主是干部(是=1;否=0)whether the household head is a cadre (yes=1; otherwise=0) | |
村庄特征 village characteristics | V1 | 村庄到县城的距离(km)distance from village to county |
V2 | 村庄道路状况(硬化=1;否则=0)road conditions (hard surface=1; otherwise=0) | |
V3 | 村级平均消费支出(元)average consumption expenditure of the village |
Table 2
Estimation results of the consumption model"
变量 variables | 所有样本 all samples | 较低收入 lower level | 中等收入 middle level | 较高收入 higher level |
---|---|---|---|---|
R3 | 0.34***(0.01) | 0.39***(0.01) | 0.29***(0.01) | 0.26***(0.01) |
R4 | 0.01***(0.00) | 0.02***(0.00) | 0.01***(0.00) | 0.01***(0.00) |
R5 | 0.14***(0.01) | 0.16***(0.02) | 0.05**(0.02) | 0.06***(0.02) |
R6 | 0.02***(0.00) | 0.02***(0.00) | 0.01(0.01) | 0.01*(0.00) |
Table 3
Impacts of the SLCP on permanent income, transitory income and consumption 元"
年度 year | 所有样本 all samples | 长江流域 Yangtze River Basin | 黄河流域 Yellow River Basin | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔR3 | ΔR4 | ΔR5 | ΔR6 | ΔR3 | ΔR4 | ΔR5 | ΔR6 | ΔR3 | ΔR4 | ΔR5 | ΔR6 | |
1999 | 12.17 | -4.54 | 1.37 | 0.34 | 2.16 | -3.04 | 0.52 | 0.07 | 41.23 | 6.50 | 2.95 | 1.47 |
2003 | 93.81 | -21.72 | 26.30 | 3.84 | 21.00 | -39.65 | 11.14 | 1.81 | 216.19 | 12.97 | 42.44 | 4.18 |
2007 | 136.23 | -40.05 | 48.55 | 13.98 | 27.69 | -61.95 | 18.88 | 5.22 | 379.42 | 32.00 | 97.74 | 30.99 |
2011 | 146.13 | -38.21 | 81.05 | 19.11 | 30.19 | -59.66 | 28.29 | 7.62 | 395.58 | 30.12 | 200.38 | 36.74 |
2016 | 185.77 | -35.52 | 135.96 | 21.36 | 35.34 | -54.29 | 51.99 | 9.21 | 573.72 | 28.84 | 283.94 | 33.12 |
年度 year | 所有样本 all samples | 长江流域 Yangtze River Basin | 黄河流域 Yellow River Basin | |||||||||
ΔC3 | ΔC4 | ΔC5 | ΔC6 | ΔC3 | ΔC4 | ΔC5 | ΔC6 | ΔC3 | ΔC4 | ΔC5 | ΔC6 | |
1999 | 4.18 | -0.44 | 0.63 | 0.16 | 0.64 | -0.81 | 0.21 | 0.10 | 11.98 | 0.28 | 1.50 | 0.37 |
2003 | 35.98 | -3.81 | 5.39 | 1.35 | 6.23 | -7.82 | 2.07 | 0.92 | 81.44 | 1.90 | 10.17 | 2.54 |
2007 | 66.81 | -7.08 | 10.02 | 2.50 | 10.82 | -13.58 | 3.60 | 1.60 | 174.79 | 4.09 | 21.83 | 5.45 |
2011 | 92.27 | -9.78 | 13.83 | 3.46 | 13.74 | -17.24 | 4.57 | 2.03 | 279.35 | 6.53 | 34.89 | 8.71 |
2016 | 115.12 | -12.20 | 17.26 | 4.31 | 18.87 | -23.69 | 6.28 | 2.79 | 294.14 | 6.87 | 36.74 | 9.17 |
Table 4
Contributions of the SLCP to income and consumption inequalities"
年度 year | 收入基尼系数 income GINI GR | 所有样本/% all samples | 长江流域/% Yangtze River Basin | 黄河流域/% Yellow River Basin | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 0.36 | 0.12 | -0.09 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.03 | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
2003 | 0.35 | 1.10 | -0.51 | 0.72 | 0.14 | 0.26 | -0.77 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 3.15 | 0.62 | 1.44 | 0.17 |
2007 | 0.36 | 1.19 | -0.99 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.24 | -1.56 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 3.70 | 1.15 | 1.56 | 1.11 |
2011 | 0.40 | 1.05 | -1.13 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.23 | -1.59 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 3.26 | 0.71 | 1.45 | 1.07 |
2016 | 0.43 | 0.96 | -0.99 | 0.65 | 0.36 | 0.18 | -1.47 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 3.05 | 0.50 | 1.34 | 0.83 |
年度 year | 消费基尼系数 consumption GINI GC | 所有样本/% all samples | 长江流域/% Yangtze River Basin | 黄河流域/% Yellow River Basin | |||||||||
1999 | 0.31 | 0.06 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | -0.07 | 0.00 | -0.01 | 0.00 |
2003 | 0.31 | 0.75 | -0.08 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.13 | -0.16 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 1.98 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.06 |
2007 | 0.31 | 1.01 | -0.11 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.18 | -0.23 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 3.05 | 0.05 | 0.26 | 0.06 |
2011 | 0.33 | 0.86 | -0.10 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.13 | -0.16 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 2.84 | 0.07 | 0.33 | 0.09 |
2016 | 0.33 | 0.80 | -0.09 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.13 | -0.16 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 2.50 | 0.06 | 0.31 | 0.08 |
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