JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 18-26.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202210026
Special Issue: “攥紧中国种子”视域下的中国林草种业研究专题Ⅰ
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HUANG Ziliang1(), XU Ziheng2, SUN Caowen3,*(
)
Received:
2022-10-19
Revised:
2022-12-21
Online:
2023-03-30
Published:
2023-03-28
CLC Number:
HUANG Ziliang, XU Ziheng, SUN Caowen. Study on seasonal dynamics of seed rain and characteristics of soil seed banks in Cyclocarya paliurus[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(2): 18-26.
Table 1
Basic informations of plantations and natural stands of Cyclocaya paliurus"
林分类型 stand type | 地点 location | 群落号 population code | 坡度/(°) slope | 海拔/m altitude | 经度/(°) longitude (E) | 纬度/(°) latitude (N) | 生境 habitat | 收集点/种子 库样方数 No. of collection/ quadrat of seed bank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
人工林 plantation | 江苏溧阳(LY) | 30 | 153~212 | 119.716 7 | 31.683 3 | 陡坡/石砾山地 | 27 | |
天然林 natural stand | 江西九岭山 (JLS) | JLS1 | 22 | 789~819 | 115.324 6 | 29.091 5 | 沟谷/石砾山地 | 12 |
JLS2 | 22 | 815~920 | 115.264 1 | 29.014 5 | 陡坡/石砾山地 | 5 | ||
JLS3 | 25 | 477 | 115.300 4 | 29.031 0 | 路旁/石砾山地 | 27 | ||
JLS4 | 21 | 455~577 | 115.223 3 | 29.033 0 | 沟谷/石砾山地 | 15 | ||
JLS5 | 29 | 360~408 | 115.078 7 | 28.893 5 | 沟谷/石砾山地 | 4 |
Table 2
Effects of plantation density on maternal individual growth of C. paliurus"
密度 模式 mode | 株行距/ m space | 林分密度/ (株·hm-2) density | 胸径/cm DBH | 树高/m height | 冠幅/m canopy |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | 4.0×2.4 | 1 050 | 15.98±2.88 a | 10.40±1.08 a | 3.90±0.94 a |
C2 | 4.0×3.6 | 720 | 16.13±2.92 a | 10.18±1.11 a | 4.26±0.98 b |
C3 | 4.0×4.8 | 525 | 17.90±4.22 b | 10.21±1.41 a | 4.30±1.04 b |
Fig.1
Seasonal dynamics of seed rain density and litter biomass in plantation of Cyclocarya paliurus Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among seasonal shift at the same density (P<0.05); different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among various densities at the same period (P< 0.05)."
Table 3
Two-factor variance analyses of density and season shift effects on seed traits of C. paliurus"
因素 factor | 种子雨 密度 density of seed rain | 饱满 种子数 full seed | 饱满度 ratio of full seed | 千粒质量 1 000- seed weight | 具生活力 种子数 viable seed | 种子 生活力 seed viability | 种子厚度 seed thickness | 种子直径 seed diameter | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
去翅 without wing | 具翅 with wing | ||||||||
落种阶段seed falling period | 0.00** | 0.48 | 0.80 | 0.15 | 0.00** | 0.61 | 0.06 | 0.16 | 0.81 |
林分密度stand density | 0.71 | 0.01** | 0.23 | 0.00** | 0.06 | 0.87 | 0.07 | 0.57 | 0.28 |
落种阶段×林分密度seed falling period×stand density | 0.18 | 0.55 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.47 | 0.91 | 0.15 | 0.67 | 0.94 |
Table 4
Multiple comparisons on seed rain traits of C. paliurus plantation"
项目 item | 阶段/密度 phase/density | 日均种子雨密度/ (粒·m-2·d-1) density of seed rain | 具生活力的种子数/ (粒·m-2) viable seed | 饱满种子数/ (粒·m-2) offull seeds | 千粒质量/g 1 000-seed weight |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
落种阶段(中位数) seed drop stage (median) | 前期early-stage | 1.85 (1.2~2.8) Bb | 0.55 (0.03~0.58) Bb | — | — |
中期medium-stage | 0.15 (0.1~0.2) Aa | 0.04 (0.03~0.06) Aa | — | — | |
后期later-stage | 1.80 (1.3~2.6) Bb | 0.10 (0.06~0.14) Bb | — | — | |
林分密度模式 code of plantation density | C1 | — | — | 51 (45.0~84.5) Bb | 144.05 (126.33~151.81) Aa |
C2 | — | — | 35 (31.0~40.0) Aa | 137.68 (127.63~150.00) Aa | |
C3 | — | — | 24 (14.5~44.5) Aa | 162.75 (145.45~170.58) Bb |
Table 5
Basic information of C. paliurus in natural stands"
群落号 population code | 面积/m2 area of population | 母树密度/ (株·hm-2) maternal tree density | 样方内 株数 trees in quadrat | 胸径/cm DBH | 树高/m height | 冠幅/m crown breadth | 郁闭度 canopy density | 枯枝落叶 层厚/cm litter | 径级/cm diameter class | 株数 trees | 占比/% percentage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JLS1 | 5 000 | 200 | 12 | 21.6±7.8 | 12.0±2.5 | 4.65±1.7 | 0.75 | >2~4 | Ⅰ(1~10) | 22 | 23.66 |
JLS2 | 2 500 | 130 | 14 | 11.9±5.0 | 10.4±3.0 | 3.56±1.1 | 0.80 | >4~6 | Ⅱ(>10~20) | 21 | 22.58 |
JLS3 | 1 500 | 100 | 22 | 26.3±12.6 | 15.5±3.3 | 5.03±1.3 | 0.80 | >2~4 | Ⅲ(>20~30) | 25 | 26.88 |
JLS4 | 4 000 | 60 | 31 | 22.7±12.6 | 13.3±2.0 | 4.85±1.1 | 0.75 | >2~4 | Ⅳ(>30~40) | 16 | 17.20 |
JLS5 | 1 500 | 50 | 14 | 22.6±9.3 | 13.1±1.2 | 4.81±1.5 | 0.80 | >4~6 | Ⅴ(>40~50) | 8 | 8.60 |
合计total | 93 | Ⅵ(>50) | 1 | 1.08 |
Table 6
The phenotype characteristics of seed in soil banks from natural populations of C. paliurus in Jiulingshan"
分层 layer | 群落号 population code | 种子库密度/ (粒·m-2) density of seed bank | 直径/mm diameter | 厚度/mm thickness | 体积/cm3 volume | 千粒质量/g 1 000-seed weight | 饱满度/% fillness | 生活力/% viability |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JLS1 | 39.3±23.1 Aab (58.8) | 8.2±0.0 Aa (0.23) | 7.7±0.1 Aa (1.93) | 0.154±0.003 Aa (2.02) | 145.2±3.5 Aa (2.4) | 21.7±0.7 Ab (5.5) | 8.5±0.3 Aa (5.9) | |
JLS2 | 37.6±19.5 Aab (51.9) | 7.1±0.1 Ac (1.23) | 6.6±0.1 Ad (1.22) | 0.129±0.003 Ac (2.41) | 105.5±1.7 Ac (1.7) | 14.2±1.6 Ac (19.1) | 7.8±0.4 Aa (9.8) | |
Ⅰ | JLS3 | 56.7±36.3 Aa (64.1) | 7.5±0.1 Ab (0.10) | 6.8±0.1 Ac (1.40) | 0.131±0.001 Ac (0.72) | 104.7±6.8 Ac (6.5) | 19.1±0.4 Ab (3.1) | 8.5±0.1 Aa (1.2) |
JLS4 | 23.5±17.2 Ab (73.1) | 8.1±0.1 Aa (0.81) | 7.4±0.1 Ab (1.26) | 0.144±0.002 Ab (1.18) | 132.3±3.7 Ab (2.8) | 27.1±0.9 Aa (5.5) | 10.4±0.5 Aa (8.7) | |
JLS5 | 30.0±6.0 Aab (20.0) | 8.2±0.1 Aa (1.00) | 6.8±0.1 Ac (1.40) | 0.142±0.002 Ab (1.09) | 129.6±5.5 Ab (4.2) | 15.0±0.9 Bc (10.0) | 10.0±0.3 Aa (5.0) | |
平均值 average | 37.4 | 7.8 | 0.7 | 0.140 | 121.8 | 19.4 | 9.0 | |
JLS1 | 25.0±9.8 Ba (39.3) | 7.9±0.1 Ba (1.43) | 7.1±0.0 Ba (0.3) | 0.139±0.001 Ba (0.68) | 126.1±1.7 Ba (1.3) | 13.0±0.0 Bb (0) | 6.7±0.3 Ba (8.7) | |
JLS2 | 12.8±10.2 Bab (80.0) | 6.8±0.2 Ac (2.3) | 6.4±0.2 Ab (2.8) | 0.120±0.002 Bb (2.04) | 99.0±3.2 Ac (3.2) | 14.2±1.7 Ab (21.4) | 0±0 Ba (0) | |
Ⅱ | JLS3 | 21.8±13.6 Ba (62.2) | 7.4±0.1 Ab (1.1) | 6.5±0.1 Bb (0.8) | 0.119±0.004 Bb (3.44) | 99.1±3.6 Ac (3.7) | 13.7±0.3 Bb (4.2) | 7.0±0.0 Ba (0) |
JLS4 | 6.9±5.9 Bb (85.5) | 7.7±0.2 Aa (3.1) | 6.4±0.2 Bb (2.3) | 0.136±0.004 Aa (3.06) | 117.0±6.0 Bb (5.1) | 14.7±0.3 Bb (3.9) | 4.0±0.0 Ba (0) | |
JLS5 | 23.0±7.7 Ba (33.4) | 7.91±0.0 Ba (0.4) | 6.3±0.2 Bb (3.2) | 0.135±0.004 Aa (2.76) | 122.4±3.2 Ab (2.6) | 23.3±0.3 Aa (2.5) | 8.0±0.0 Ba (0) | |
平均值 average | 17.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.130 | 111.5 | 15.7 | 5.1 |
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